The Essential Oil Composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don: Influence of Steam, Hydro and Microwave-Assisted Distillation

Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (Asteraceae), also known as immortelle, usually grows in the Mediterranean area. The composition of essential oil (EO) immortelle is a mixture various aromatic substances, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Distillation most widely used method for extraction EO although yield very low (<1%). In this work, we aim to investigate how use different distillation methods affects chemical EO. For purpose, applied two conventional methods: steam (SD) hydrodistillation (HD), modern (environmentally friendly) technique—microwave-assisted (MAD). Wild immortelles from four locations Croatia were collected carefully prepared extraction. Each sample was then analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GraphPad Prisma statistical software study statistics between groups connections analyze data on number connections. results show that HD gives significantly higher (0.31 ± 0.09%) compared MAD (0.15 0.03%) SD (0.12 0.04%). On other hand, highest compounds identified with (95.75 15.31%), them are subordinate complex structures. isolated EOs rich derived acyclic percentage ketones. application obtained EO, considering isolated, non-derived compounds, chemotypes simple (acyclic)